{"id":3309,"date":"2023-03-21T18:38:32","date_gmt":"2023-03-21T17:38:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.architecturemaker.com\/?p=3309"},"modified":"2023-03-21T18:38:32","modified_gmt":"2023-03-21T17:38:32","slug":"what-is-android-architecture","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.architecturemaker.com\/what-is-android-architecture\/","title":{"rendered":"What is android architecture?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Android architecture is a software stack for mobile devices that includes an operating system, middleware, and key applications. The Android platform was developed by Google and the Open Handset Alliance, and it is unique among mobile platforms in that it is open source. This allows developers to create innovative applications that take advantage of the platform’s features.<\/p>\n

Android Architecture refers to the components and subcomponents which make up the Android Operating System. These include the Linux kernel, system libraries, Android Runtime, Application Framework, and Applications.<\/p>\n

What is Android architecture explain? <\/h2>\n

Android is a mobile operating system developed by Google. It is based on a modified version of the Linux kernel and other open source software, and is designed primarily for touchscreen mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets.<\/p>\n

The Android platform is built on the Linux kernel. The Android Runtime (ART) relies on the Linux kernel for underlying functionalities such as threading and low-level memory management. The Linux kernel is a stable, proven kernel that provides the necessary foundation for the Android platform.<\/p>\n

What are the Android architecture components <\/h3>\n
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The Android operating system is a stack of software components which is roughly divided into five sections and four main layers as shown below in the architecture diagram:<\/p>\n

Linux kernel: The Linux kernel is the foundation of the Android stack, providing core system services such as memory management, process management, device drivers, security, and networking.<\/p>\n

Libraries: Android includes a set of C\/C++ libraries used by various components of the Android system. These libraries provide most of the functionality available in the core libraries of the Java programming language.<\/p>\n

Android Runtime: The Android Runtime layer provides a set of core libraries that enable Android applications to run. The Android Runtime also includes the Dalvik virtual machine, which is used to run Android applications.<\/p>\n

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Application Framework: The Application Framework layer provides a set of high-level services that applications can use, such as access to the database, telephony services, window management, and so on.<\/p>\n

Applications: The Applications layer contains the Android applications that run on the device.<\/p>\n

Android Architecture Components are a set of libraries that help you design robust, testable, and maintainable apps. They’re part of the Android Jetpack suite of libraries.<\/p>\n

LifecycleOwner is an interface that allows components to be aware of the lifecycle of other components, such as Activities and Fragments. This helps to ensure that your code is properly synchronized with the lifecycle of your components.<\/p>\n

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LiveData is a data holder class that can be observed by other components, such as Activities and Fragments. This allows your code to react to changes in the data, and ensures that your UI is always up-to-date.<\/p>\n

ViewModel is a class that is responsible for storing and managing UI-related data. It is Lifecycle-aware, meaning it can be used to preserve data across configuration changes, such as when the user rotates their device.<\/p>\n

How many types of architecture are there in Android? <\/h2>\n

There are several ways to architect your Android apps, but the three most common are Standard Android (Model-View-Controller), MVP (Model-View-Presenter), and MVVM (Model-View-ViewModel). Standard Android is the default approach, using layout files and Activities\/Fragments as the controller, with Models used for data and persistence. MVP is a more modern approach that uses a Presenter to manage the Views and connect them to the Model. MVVM is similar to MVP, but uses a ViewModel to manage the View instead of a Presenter.<\/p>\n

Android architecture comprises of five levels: the Linux kernel, libraries, application framework, Android runtime, and system applications. The Linux kernel provides a basic level of abstraction between the hardware and the software. The libraries provide a set of reusable components, which include the SQLite database, WebKit browser engine, and OpenGL. The application framework provides a set of high-level services, such as telephony, location, and data storage, which developers can access through the Android APIs. The Android runtime provides a set of core libraries, which include the Dalvik virtual machine, and the ART runtime. The system applications are the pre-installed apps that come with the Android operating system.<\/p>\n

Why do we need architecture in Android? <\/h2>\n
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If there is no proper architecture, it will be difficult to perform unit tests and UI tests. This is because the business logic and UI are coupled together in one class. As a result, the app will end up with clumsy code that is difficult to debug.<\/p>\n

There are essentially four types of architectures that are commonly identified: hardware architecture, software architecture, enterprise architecture, and collaborative systems architectures. Each of these is built on the same fundamental principles, but they each serve a different purpose.<\/p>\n

Hardware architecture is the physical layout of a system, and it dictates how the system’s components are interconnected. Software architecture defines the overall structure of the software and how it is organized. Enterprise architecture is the blueprint for an entire enterprise, and it outlines how all of the different pieces fit together. Collaborative systems architectures are designed to allow different systems to work together, and they are often used in large-scale projects like the Internet, intelligent transportation systems, and joint air defense systems.<\/p>\n

What are the 5 main components of Android <\/h3>\n

Android – Application Components<\/p>\n

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Activities:<\/p>\n

An activity represents a single screen with a user interface. In short, an activity performs actions on the screen.<\/p>\n

Services:<\/p>\n

A service is a component that runs in the background to perform long-running operations.<\/p>\n

Broadcast Receivers:<\/p>\n

A broadcast receiver is a component that listens for and responds to system-wide broadcast announcements.<\/p>\n

Content Providers:<\/p>\n

A content provider is a component that manages a central repository of data.<\/p>\n

MVC:<\/p>\n

The MVC architecture is the most popular android architecture used by developers. It is based on the concept of separating the data model from the view and the controller. This architecture is very flexible and allows for a lot of customization.<\/p>\n

MVP:<\/p>\n

The MVP architecture is another popular android architecture used by developers. It is based on the concept of separating the model from the view and the presenter. This architecture is more flexible and allows for more customization.<\/p>\n

MVVM:<\/p>\n

The MVVM architecture is the most popular android architecture used by developers. It is based on the concept of separating the model from the view and the ViewModel. This architecture is very flexible and allows for a lot of customization.