Modern architecture is a term which has been around for decades and can encompass a wide range of styles and designs. From the classical and contemporary styles to postmodern structures, it is a catch all label which is defined by its connotations and the context in which it is used. This vocabularic term has been embraced by architects and the world at large for its capacity to create both iconic and innovative builds, thereby redefining the landscape of our cities and towns.
In essence, modern architecture refers to the movement in design which emerged in the late 1800s, that featured new materials, technology, and shape which was far removed from the traditional Victorian-era conventions. Most famously, a Chicago-based architect Louis Sullivan coined the term “form ever follows function” to define this new wave of design. Taking inspiration from industrialisation and technology, architects began to explore a new era of architecture.
It is easy to recognise modern architecture by its sleek, contemporary lines and the use of metal, glass and concrete, along with the rejection of historical detailing. A shining example is the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum in New York, designed by Frank Lloyd Wright. The building is characterised by the crowning object of its shallow spiral, which is quite an apt description of the spiral shape of the building. Its construction materials of reinforced concrete and glass create a futuristic, iconic look which has since become world-renowned.
The rise of modern architecture has been given extra impetus in the last decades due to technological advancements, and the need to create sustainable cities and places of living. It is estimated that around 80% of energy in the world is consumed in buildings, predominantly due to their often inefficient construction. In response, modern architecture has kept pace with the demands of society and climate, introducing more energy-efficient features and materials, such as converting solar, wind and other renewable energy into electricity.
Whilst modern architecture has become the go-to solution for designing new cities and creating a positive impact, it also has its share of detractors. Critics have voiced opinions that modern architecture has resulted in a loss of local character and legacy, and can create a monotonous skyline. Others argue that it can become overbearing, with its use of materials, size, and scale.
Whilst it may be hard to please everyone or predict the future of modern architecture, one thing is for sure – it will continue to shape our world for many years to come.
Combining Old and New
Despite criticisms of modern urban planning, it may be argued that the incorporation of old and new structures can help to breathe new life into an area. An increasing number of cities are regenerating themselves by using a combination of old structures, historical buildings and new technology, as seen in cities such as London, New York and Shoreditch.
One example of this is the Cargo2 development in Shoreditch, London. The area has been revitalised with a new public space, the LSO St.Luke’s concert hall, cultural venues and modern office spaces. The aim of this project was to bring the old and the new together, to create a desirable workspace and increase the number of residents in the area.
So far, the project has been successful and has had a positive impact on local employment, socialisation and tourism. The development also had the added benefit of promoting innovative green retrofits, where the facades of old buildings were recycled and reused in the construction of the new buildings.
In conclusion, the juxtaposition of old and new in an urban setting appears to be the key to success, as it brings a new lease of life to an area.
Architects For Change
The use of modern architecture has been a key trend in the field of sustainability, with many designers and architects striving to reduce their environmental footprint by introducing more eco-friendly practices.
Architects for change is a non-governmental organisation which has made it its mission to create more green and energy optimised buildings. It forms part of the global framework which is used to help cities and countries become more energy efficient and environmentally conscious.
This organisation has been set up with the aim of helping designers, planners and communities to become environment-first thought leaders in the world of modern architecture. It has also undertaken research into the efficient use of energy and materials, to promote sustainable design.
Examples of this include the “Zero” initiative, which focuses on reducing carbon emissions from buildings by encouraging and reviewing designs which are energy-efficient and cost-effective. The organisation also offers courses and programs to help people become better designers and architects, to promote eco-friendly thinking.
Overall, the commitment to sustainability of Architects for Change is admirable, and a great example of how modern architecture can be used as a tool for tackling climate change.
Digital Design
Technology has also had an impact on modern architecture, with digital design leading the way in terms of innovation and deconstructing more traditional forms of architecture. In comparison to the traditional methods of design and construction, digital design relies on the computer programming to draw out more intricate structures, therefore reducing the time taken to construct a building.
More recently, methods such as 3D printing have also been embraced by modern architecture, bringing down the cost of production and making the construction process more efficient. Additionally, 3D printing can also be used in areas which are unstaffed on a regular basis, such as remote locations, and is increasingly being used in the construction of bridges, roads and low-cost housing.
Overall, 3D printing is a great example of how technology can be used to create more efficient designs and cuts down construction costs.
The Relevance of Modern Architecture
Ultimately, modern architecture has an important role to play in creating new towns, cities, and even countries. It provides an aesthetic to places which can attract new businesses and people, as well as providing a platform for the sustainable designs and buildings of the future.
Modern architecture appears to be here to stay, forming our environment and giving us us a way to express ourselves through form and function. It is important, therefore, that architects and designers continue to use this knowledge to improve our cities and create places to live that are sustainable, efficient and beautiful.
