1. Introduction
SAP S/4HANA is a modern, in-memory ERP system from SAP, built specifically for the requirements of the digital era. It is a platform for digital transformation and the cornerstone for intelligent business processes that connect with each other and improve decision-making. It’s a single, intelligent ERP system made up of different layers that comprise the architecture of the system, from the database layer to the user interface layer. In this article, we’ll take a look at the various architectural layers of SAP S/4HANA.
2. Database Layer
The database layer of SAP S/4HANA is the starting point for every interaction a user has with the system. It is the repository for the data and information stored in the system. The database layer is separated into two components: the relational database management system (RDBMS) and the graph database. The RDBMS is responsible for the storage and retrieval of data in the system, while the graph database is responsible for the graph calculations, such as time series data, analysis of dependencies, and machine learning. Both components of the database layer are powered by the HANA database.
3. Application Layer
The application layer of SAP S/4HANA is made up of the core applications and services. The core applications provide business processes such as cost management and inventory management, as well as functions for managing customer relationships and tracking incoming orders. The services are mainly comprised of APIs and web services that allow integration and access to the different systems and data in the system. These services can be used to access the data stored in the database and can also be used to build custom applications.
4. User Interface Layer
The user interface layer is the main point of contact between the user and the system. It is the layer responsible for providing an easy-to-use, intuitive, and responsive interface for the user. The user interface layer is made up of two components: the Fiori UI, which is the main user interface, and the ABAP development environment, which provides the tools needed to build custom applications and services. Both components are designed to improve user experience and performance. The Fiori UI is optimized for mobile devices, making it easier for users to access the system from any location. The ABAP development environment is used to build custom applications tailored to the specific needs of an organization.
5. Technical Layer
The technical layer of SAP S/4HANA is responsible for the distribution of information between the various layers of the system. It is comprised of several services that enable communication between the different components of the architecture. The technical layer also provides authentication services and access control for users, as well as management tools for monitoring the system.
6. Security Layer
The security layer of SAP S/4HANA is responsible for protecting the system from malicious actors. It is designed to ensure that only authorized users have access to the data and information stored in the system. The security layer is made up of several security services that monitor activity within the system and react to suspicious activity. The security services also provide encryption and secure communication between the different components of the system.
7. Extension Layer
The extension layer of SAP S/4HANA provides the means for organizations to extend and customize the system to meet their specific requirements. This layer is made up of several components that allow users to create custom applications and services, or integrate third-party applications into the system. It provides the necessary tools for organizations to build custom solutions tailored to their specific needs.
8. Cloud Layer
The cloud layer of SAP S/4HANA is responsible for providing a secure and reliable hosting environment. It is composed of several cloud-based services, such as hosting, scalability, data protection, and storage. The cloud layer is designed to provide a secure and reliable environment for the system, as well as the necessary tools for developing and deploying applications in the cloud.
9. Analytics Layer
The analytics layer of SAP S/4HANA is responsible for providing insights into the data stored in the system. It is comprised of several components that enable organizations to analyze and visualize the data. These components provide real-time analytics and insights into the data, as well as the ability to predict future trends.
10. System Landscape Layer
The system landscape layer of SAP S/4HANA is responsible for providing an integrated environment for managing the system. This layer is made up of several components that provide the necessary tools for system administration and maintenance. It is also responsible for providing integration with third-party systems, such as SAP CRM or SAP Cloud. The system landscape layer provides the tools needed to manage the system and ensure its performance.
Conclusion
In conclusion, SAP S/4HANA is a modern and powerful ERP system. The system is made up of several layers that comprise the architecture, from the database layer to the system landscape layer. Each layer is essential for providing an easy-to-use, intuitive, and secure environment for users, as well as for providing the necessary tools for customizing the system for specific requirements.
