Key Plan in architecture is a two-dimensional representation of an architectural site or built environment. The plan may be a sketch, a map, a schematic, or a combination of these components. It gives the architect an initial understanding of the site’s interactions and variations, thus allowing them to determine the best plan for a project.
At its core, a key plan identifies the relationships between the various elements of an architectural site. The plan is used both to inform and refine the design of a built environment. It is also used to clarify the distinguishing features that make a particular architecture project unique.
Accurately recording the dimensions and measurements of an existing environment is essential for the design process. The plan helps architects and engineers to rapidly identify potential issues and opportunities while they are designing the site. The plan provides them with an empirical “catalog” of the environment. It also helps to determine how changes to the site would impact its overall aesthetics.
Planning and designing is done in layers and in stages. The basic layer is the key plan, which should include all of the elements that are important to the design process. This includes the existing environment, the existing structures and their relative position and size, etc. Using these data points, architects can take the next step of adding components to the plan such as paths, walls, or other features.
Topography
The topography of a site is also an important aspect of the key plan. As the key plan is often the first step in determining the design of a site, it is important for the architect to understand how the land is shaped and how it could be used to create a design that meets their needs. For example, a sloping terrain may require the design to include stairs, while a flat terrain may require a flat sidewalk. Topography can also offer important insights into the function of a design and can help architects to optimize the placement of buildings and other components.
Unique Features
Key plans are also useful in highlighting any unique features that may be present on the site. For example, an existing structure may be located next to a stream, or an existing tree may be of particular historic significance. These features can be noted on the plan and their position and characteristics can be used to guide the design of the site. Additionally, if the site contains valuable landscape features or if the climate or the soils are specific to a particular area, the implications could be taken into account in the design.
Environmental Considerations
Environmental considerations are also important for key plans. For instance, the preservation of flora and fauna is an important factor that must be taken into account. Any changes or alterations to the environment must be carefully considered, and it is important to consider the overall effect that a project will have on the biodiversity of the area. Additionally, the impact of climate change must be taken into account when designing a key plan. Architects must consider the effects of extreme weather events, vegetation changes, water management, and more.
Tools
There are a number of tools available to architects that can make the key plan process more efficient and accurate. Computer aided design (CAD) software can be used to quickly create a plan that is accurate to the smallest detail. Projectors can also be used to project an overlay of the plan onto a wall so that the designer can clearly visualize the site and its elements. Additionally, satellite imagery can be layered onto a plan to provide a more accurate representation of the existing landscape.
Cultural Considerations
Cultural considerations must also be taken into account when designing a key plan. Different cultures have their own aesthetic preferences and these must be reflected in the design of any architecture project. For example, the use of hand-painted tiles or textiles in the design can be an effective way to incorporate cultural elements. It is also important to consider local customs and cultural practices when designing a site. For example, a mosque would need to be designed around religious requirements and customs.
Sustainability
Sustainability is another important consideration for any project. This is especially true for architecture projects, where the effects of a project may have long-lasting consequences. Key plans should consider the impact of the project on the environment and its resources. This includes considering the energy efficiency of the site and the materials used in the construction. Additionally, the impact of the project on the social and economic wellbeing of the local community should also be taken into account.
Usability
Usability is also an important factor in key plans. Architects must consider how the project will be used by people who will inhabit the site. For example, a parking lot must be planned in such a way that it is easily navigable and safe to use. Additionally, the placement of facilities and services within the site must be taken into consideration, as these elements will be essential for the functioning of the site. Incorporating usability considerations into a key plan will ensure that the end result is both aesthetically and functionally pleasing.
