Advocates of Neoclassical architecture in the United States
Neoclassical architecture was brought to the United States by several prominent figures of the country’s history. One of the earliest architects to bring this style to the East Coast was Thomas Jefferson. He was responsible for the design of many iconic buildings in Washington, DC such as the White House, the Treasury, and the Capitol. Jefferson was so passionate about neoclassical architecture that his friend, Napoleon Bonaparte, gave him a piece of art depicting a Roman temple. Under Jefferson’s leadership, the project of modernising Washington, DC began. Another early advocate for this style was Benjamin Latrobe, a British architect who had studied Classical architecture. He was initially hired by Jefferson to help with the redesign of the White House and the Capitol. His influence in the US was profound, as he was responsible for introducing Federal and Georgian architecture.
Next, the influence of John Notman and John Holden Greene, two Philadelphia-based architects, played a significant role in introducing neoclassical architecture to the United States. In addition, Henry Austin, one of the earliest American architects to visit Europe, was greatly inspired by Roman and Greek architecture. He was heavily influenced by the Greek Revival Movement which flourished in the 1820s in the eastern part of the United States. Austin’s works included several public buildings, houses, and churches which helped spread the popularity of Greek Revival architecture.
Neoclassical Architecture Adopted By Colonial Cities
Neoclassical architecture was soon embraced by many other prominent figures in the US. Thomas Walter, one of the country’s most notable neoclassical architects, was responsible for designing many of the country’s government buildings. He is popularly regarded as the architect who designed the US Capitol dome. Other prominent architects like Robert Mills, Pierre Charles L’Enfant, and Charles Bulfinch also became associated with neoclassical architecture.
The neoclassical style spread rapidly throughout the country and became the accepted style for many public buildings, churches, and residential homes. Cities such as Philadelphia and Boston began incorporating elements of neoclassical architecture in their buildings. One of the most iconic examples of this style is the Pennsylvania State capitol in Harrisburg, which was designed by Mills in 1822. By the mid-19th century, monuments such as the US Capitol building and the Jefferson Memorial had become iconic examples of neoclassical architecture.
Decline Of Neoclassical Architecture
However, by the early 20th century, neoclassical architecture had started to decline in favour of modernist and art deco styles. This was mainly due to the rise in industrialization which led to newer and more modern designs. This shift in style was mainly seen in commercial and corporate buildings, while some traditional buildings such as the US Capitol still follow a neoclassical design.
Neoclassical Architecture Reemergence in 21st Century
Even though neoclassical trends have waned in recent years, there has been a resurgence of interest in the style in recent years. Major cities such as New York, Philadelphia and Los Angeles have all built renovations or recreations of neoclassical landmarks. For example, the neoclassical Greek Revival style building portico of New York’s Odeon theater was recently restored to its original state. In addition, many development projects, such as the Toronto-Dominion Centre, incorporate neoclassical elements in their designs.
Neoclassical Architecture Influence In American Culture
Neoclassical architecture has become an integral part of the American psyche. This style has come to symbolize the grandeur of the country, and its political and cultural aspirations. It can be seen in many of the country’s government buildings, monuments, and educational institutions. Its distinctive features, such as its symmetry and monumental size, have become characteristic of American cities and towns. In addition, neoclassical architecture has been the basis for many other styles, such as colonial revival, which was popular during the early 20th century.
Neoclassical Architecture Criticism
Neoclassical architecture has not been universally accepted, as some people view it as ‘overwrought’ and outdated. This is mostly seen as a reaction to its exacting and rationalist designs, which are viewed as overly formal and ornamental. However, this view has not stopped the enduring popularity of neoclassical architecture, which continues to be the basis for many modern commercial and government buildings.
Neoclassical Architecture As A Symbol of Success
Neoclassical architecture has been associated with success and wealth in the US. This is most prominently seen in the numerous skylines of American cities, many of which are populated with neoclassical buildings. This style conveys a sense of power, as its columns and arches create an aura of strength and influence. This influence can also be seen in the numerous nicknames used to describe cities like New York, such as ‘the Big Apple’ and ‘The Empire State’.
Neoclassical Architecture In Luxury Homes
Neoclassical architecture has also been used to design luxury homes in many affluent communities. Through its columns and grand exteriors, it conveys a sense of power and wealth. One example is the inspiration it has been to modern luxury homes in the city of Los Angeles, where architects incorporate columns and arches into their designs to create elegant homes. In addition, the style has been used as a way of paying homage to the great Roman and Greek civilizations.
Neoclassical Architecture Trends
Neoclassical architecture trends are always in flux due to the changing nature of the industry. In recent years, the trend has shifted towards reviving the grandeur of the old style. However, there is also a trend towards integrating more modern elements such as steel and glass into the design. It is also being used as an embodiment of wealth, often with expensive and opulent materials such as marble, granite, and luxurious furnishings. In addition, there is a growing trend of combining neoclassical elements with modern styles, such as art deco or modernist. This combination creates a unique style which is both contemporary and timeless.
